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Published2025-10-15
Introduction to the SG90 Micro Servo Motor – Features and Specifications
The SG90 micro servo motor, a small yet incredibly powerful device, is one of the most popular servo motors in the world of robotics, automation, and DIY electronics projects. Whether you’re building a robot, creating a robotic arm, or designing a remote-controlled car, the SG90 micro servo offers precision, reliability, and affordability.
What is a Micro Servo Motor?
A servo motor is an electromechanical device that uses feedback to control the position of a shaft. In simple terms, it’s a small motor that can rotate to a specific angle, making it ideal for projects that require precise control. The SG90 micro servo motor is a miniature version of this type of motor, designed specifically for low-torque applications. It’s compact, lightweight, and efficient, making it a perfect fit for projects with limited space and low power requirements.
SG90 Micro Servo Motor Overview
The SG90 is one of the most widely-used micro servo motors, particularly favored for its compact size and ease of integration. Its small form factor and light weight make it perfect for small robots, drones, and a variety of DIY electronics projects. It operates at a voltage range of 4.8 to 6V, making it suitable for use in hobbyist projects that rely on commonly available power sources like AA batteries or 5V voltage regulators.
Key Features and Specifications
Here’s a breakdown of the key features and specifications that make the SG90 micro servo motor an excellent choice for various applications:
Voltage and Power Supply:
The SG90 operates between 4.8V and 6V, which makes it compatible with most microcontroller-based systems, such as Arduino and Raspberry Pi. It draws around 100mA of current when idle, and its peak current consumption can go up to 250mA under load.
The SG90 micro servo offers a reasonable amount of torque for its size. It can produce up to 1.8kg/cm of torque at 4.8V, which is sufficient for small-scale robotic movements and basic control systems.
Like most servos, the SG90 is capable of precise angular movement. It offers a typical rotation range of 0 to 180 degrees, allowing for a wide range of motion for controlled mechanisms. The precise movement is ideal for applications such as steering, positioning, and small mechanical adjustments.
The SG90 micro servo motor is exceptionally compact. It measures just 22.2mm x 11.8mm x 31mm and weighs only around 13.4 grams. This makes it one of the lightest and smallest servos available, which is particularly useful when designing lightweight or space-constrained robots.
The motor’s speed is rated at 0.1s per 60 degrees at 4.8V, which is sufficient for most robotic and remote-controlled applications. This speed allows for quick response times in control systems, making it suitable for projects that require responsive motion.
The SG90 micro servo is built with durable plastic gears, making it an affordable option for non-professional applications. While it’s not as strong as metal-gear servos, its durability is sufficient for low-stress environments such as educational kits, model cars, and simple robotics.
The SG90 uses a PWM (pulse width modulation) control signal to determine its position. By sending pulses to the control input, the servo adjusts its position accordingly. Typically, the pulse width ranges from 1ms (for 0 degrees) to 2ms (for 180 degrees), with a 20ms period.
Why Choose the SG90 Micro Servo Motor?
The SG90’s appeal lies in its simplicity and versatility. It’s one of the most budget-friendly servo motors available, yet it still provides excellent performance in a wide range of applications. Its small form factor and low power requirements make it a perfect choice for hobbyists and professionals working on projects where space and energy efficiency are critical.
Additionally, the SG90 is widely compatible with various microcontroller platforms, such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and ESP32, making it an easy choice for anyone looking to incorporate servo motors into their designs. The availability of detailed datasheets, such as the SG90 datasheet, also simplifies integration, as they provide all necessary information for understanding the motor’s electrical and mechanical parameters.
Applications of the SG90 Micro Servo Motor and How to Integrate It into Your Projects
Versatility in Robotics and DIY Projects
The SG90 micro servo motor is ideal for use in a wide variety of applications, especially in robotics and DIY electronics projects. From robot arms to moving mechanical parts, the servo provides precise control over movements, allowing designers and hobbyists to bring their creations to life with ease.
One of the most common applications of the SG90 micro servo is in robotic arms. The precision and small form factor of the SG90 make it perfect for creating joints and actuators in robot arms. With multiple servos, you can build a fully functional arm capable of performing basic tasks such as picking up objects or simulating human hand movements.
RC (Remote Control) Vehicles:
Whether it's an RC car, plane, or boat, the SG90 is a popular choice for controlling steering mechanisms and other small movable parts. Its ability to rotate precisely by up to 180 degrees is perfect for controlling steering or adjusting movable flaps and rudders in models.
The SG90 is used in a variety of automation systems, including home automation projects where small, motorized adjustments are required. For example, you could use an SG90 to control the opening and closing of small gates, blinds, or even light fixtures.
Pan-and-Tilt Mechanisms for Cameras:
Another popular use for the SG90 is in creating pan-and-tilt systems for cameras or sensors. By attaching two servos—one for horizontal motion (pan) and one for vertical motion (tilt)—you can achieve full control over a camera’s orientation. This is useful in surveillance systems, remote cameras, or even DIY security robots.
Integrating the SG90 Micro Servo Motor into Your Project
Integrating the SG90 into your project is relatively simple, thanks to its standard connection interface and the abundance of resources available. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started:
The SG90 has three pins—power (typically red), ground (typically black or brown), and signal (typically yellow or orange). To connect the servo to an Arduino board, for example, connect the power pin to the 5V pin, the ground pin to a ground pin, and the signal pin to a PWM-enabled pin (such as pin 9 on an Arduino Uno).
Controlling the SG90 Using Code:
To control the servo, you’ll need to send a PWM signal through the signal pin. This can be easily achieved using libraries like Servo.h in Arduino. The following sample code demonstrates how to control the position of the servo:
Servo myservo; // Create a Servo object
myservo.attach(9); // Attach the servo to pin 9
myservo.write(90); // Move the servo to 90 degrees
delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
myservo.write(0); // Move the servo to 0 degrees
delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
Fine-Tuning the Servo’s Position:
The servo position can be fine-tuned by adjusting the PWM signal. If you need more precise control, experiment with different pulse widths and timing.
Conclusion: Why the SG90 Micro Servo Motor is a Game-Changer
In conclusion, the SG90 micro servo motor is a versatile, affordable, and efficient solution for a wide range of robotics and electronics projects. Its small size, low power requirements, and ease of control make it an excellent choice for hobbyists, educators, and professionals alike. With its wide range of applications and simple integration process, the SG90 micro servo motor is an indispensable tool for anyone looking to create precise mechanical movement in their projects.
Whether you are a beginner or an experienced maker, understanding the SG90 and how to incorporate it into your designs opens up endless possibilities for innovation and creativity. As technology continues to evolve, the SG90 will remain a staple in the world of robotics and DIY electronics, empowering creators to bring their ideas to life with precision and reliability.
Established in 2005, Kpower has been dedicated to a professional compact motion unit manufacturer, headquartered in Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China.
Update：2025-10-15
Contact Kpower's product specialist to recommend suitable motor or gearbox for your product.
