Unlocking Precision and Performance: An In-Depth Look at SG90 Servo Motor Specifications

The Gateway to DIY Robotics and Automation: Introducing the SG90 Servo Motor

In the vibrant world of robotics and electronics, servo motors stand as silent sentinels powering countless projects—from simple hobby robots to sophisticated automation systems. Among the multitude of options available, the SG90 servo motor has gained legendary status among enthusiasts and professionals alike, thanks to its affordability, versatility, and surprisingly robust performance for a micro servo.

Whether you're a beginner exploring the basics of motor control or a seasoned engineer designing complex systems, understanding the specifications of the SG90 is crucial to leveraging its full potential. This article aims to deconstruct its core parameters, so you can make informed decisions when integrating it into your project.

What Is an SG90 Servo Motor?

The SG90 is a miniature, lightweight, and cost-effective servo motor manufactured primarily by brands like TowerPro, though many Chinese brands produce similar models under this designation. Designed for precision movement within a limited angular range, it's ideal for hobbyist applications such as RC models, robotic arms, automated curtains, and educational projects.

Despite its small size, the SG90 packs impressive features. Its compact footprint—about 22.8 mm in width, 11.9 mm in height, and 22.8 mm in length—makes it perfect for space-constrained applications. Its lightweight construction, typically around 9 grams, doesn’t compromise its performance, making it a favorite for portable and versatile projects.

Key Features of the SG90

Before diving into the detailed specifications, let’s highlight some of the critical features that make the SG90 a standout choice:

Affordable and Accessible: Thanks to mass production, the SG90 remains one of the cheapest servo motors available, democratizing access to robotics. Ease of Use: Compatible with popular microcontrollers like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and others, it offers straightforward integration. Versatile Applications: From classroom experiments to DIY drones, its application spectrum is broad. Reliable Performance: It provides a good balance between torque, speed, and accuracy for its class.

With this background, let’s analyze the detailed specifications that define the capabilities and limitations of this miniature marvel.

Mechanical and Electrical Specifications

1. Dimensions and Weight

Size: 22.8 mm x 12 mm x 22.8 mm (approximate) Weight: 9 grams

The compact size and low weight make it suitable for lightweight and space-efficient designs, especially where every gram counts.

2. Operating Voltage

Voltage Range: 4.8V to 6V

This voltage range makes the SG90 compatible with common microcontroller power supplies, such as the 5V output of Arduino boards. It’s crucial to stay within this range to prevent overheating or damage.

3. Stall Torque

At 4.8V: Approximately 1.2 kg·cm (about 11.8 N·cm) At 6V: Around 1.8 kg·cm (about 17.6 N·cm)

Torque represents the motor’s ability to hold or move a load. The SG90’s torque illustrates it can rotate small, lightweight objects with ease, typically for control surfaces in RC planes or small robotic joints.

4. Operating Speed

At 4.8V: Around 0.12 seconds per 60 degrees At 6V: Approximately 0.10 seconds per 60 degrees

Speed indicates how quickly the servo reaches a target position from rest. The SG90 offers quick responses suitable for fast-paced tasks like steering in remote-controlled cars or pan-and-tilt applications.

5. Rotation Range

Typically: 0 to 180 degrees Note: Some models or modifications may limit rotation to less than 180 degrees, but standard SG90s generally cover this range.

This angular range makes it suitable for applications requiring precise but limited positioning.

6. Gear Type and Material

Gear Type: Plastic gears Material: Nylon

While plastic gears keep the servo lightweight and inexpensive, they are more prone to wear compared to metal gears. For high-stress or continuous operation, some users upgrade to metal gear servos.

Let’s pause here for now. In the second part, we'll delve into the electrical control methods, lifespan considerations, common applications, and tips for maximizing performance with the SG90 servo motor. Would you like to continue with part 2?

Established in 2005, Kpower has been dedicated to a professional compact motion unit manufacturer, headquartered in Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China.